Washington, D.C. – – The United States is intensifying its interest in Somaliland, driven by a mix of strategic, security, and political calculations as global and regional dynamics shift rapidly. Analysts say the renewed focus stems from five interconnected factors shaping Washington’s approach to the self-governing territory.
1. A New Cold War Rivalry The growing U.S.–China competition is increasingly visible across Africa and the Indian Ocean. Somaliland’s location on the Red Sea, near the Bab el-Mandeb strait—a maritime chokepoint through which a significant share of global trade passes—makes it a potential linchpin in Washington’s efforts to counter Beijing’s expanding influence. The U.S. aims to prevent these critical waterways from falling under the sway of rivals such as China or Iran, making strategic engagement with Somaliland a priority.
2. Stability and Counterterrorism Cooperation Unlike neighboring Somalia, which remains locked in a protracted battle against Al-Shabaab, Somaliland enjoys relative political stability. This makes it an attractive partner for U.S. intelligence and counterterrorism operations targeting extremist groups operating in the Horn of Africa. American defense officials see Hargeisa as a potential staging point for regional security initiatives.
3. Shifting Regional Alliances The recent memorandum of understanding between Ethiopia and Somaliland, coupled with escalating tensions between Mogadishu and Addis Ababa, has pushed Somaliland higher on Washington’s agenda. New diplomatic alignments involving Ethiopia, Eritrea, and Somaliland are reshaping the regional map, and the U.S. is keen to ensure it has a voice in managing the consequences.
4. Economic Potential and the Port of Berbera The modernized Port of Berbera, linked to Ethiopia by a key transport corridor, could emerge as a major commercial gateway. Beyond logistics, Somaliland’s untapped mineral deposits and possible oil and gas reserves have caught the attention of American investors. Washington views economic cooperation as both a strategic and developmental opportunity.
5. Domestic Political Advocacy in the U.S. Members of Congress from both parties, including Senator Ted Cruz and Representative Scott Perry, are lobbying for deeper ties with Somaliland. They cite its democratic governance, strategic location, and alignment with U.S. allies such as Israel as compelling reasons for formal engagement. Somaliland’s track record of holding competitive elections strengthens its appeal among U.S. lawmakers.
A Strategic Prize in a Global Contest In essence, Somaliland has emerged as a strategic prize in the wider contest between global powers. For the U.S., engaging more deeply with this relatively stable corner of the Horn of Africa is seen as a way to safeguard vital trade routes, counter security threats, and secure a foothold in an increasingly competitive geopolitical arena.
